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While the sense of unity in Iraq brought about by victory over the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) still exists, poor economic conditions and poor public infrastructure continue to drive citizens’ frustration with the government. In October of 2019, protests broke out throughout Iraq. The main grievances of the protesters include high unemployment, pervasive corruption, and the government’s inability to deliver basic public services such as electricity, healthcare, and education.
After decades of poor public services, increasing national debt, and pervasive corruption, the Lebanese government’s decision to impose new taxes in October 2019 sparked nation-wide protests. While the protests led to the resignation of prime minister Saad Hariri and his government, it took nearly two years and three attempts to form a new government, now headed by Prime Minister Najib Mikati, as political leaders were unable to reach consensus on a cabinet.